Key words diamond conductive | 2020-01-14 09: 25: 50 | source Baijiahao
Carbon is the fourth most abundant element in the universe and is also the basis of what we know to form life. Whether it is carbon alone or a material combined with other elements, it can form a stable structure.
The properties of a material depend on the way in which its atoms are bonded and the structural form resulting from the bonding. For carbon-based materials, different bonding methods produce different material properties. For example, diamonds with three-dimensional "sp3" bonds have high hardness, while graphite with two-dimensional "sp2" bonds has good softness. .
Despite the wide variety of carbon compounds, there are only a few 3-dimensional, carbon-based materials using sp3 bonds, including diamond. Due to its excellent properties including strength, hardness and thermal conductivity, this kind of three-dimensional bonded structure material is very competitive in many practical applications.
Although many predictions have been made about the structure that this bond may synthesize, apart from diamonds and some of their analogs containing other elements, few other expandable sp3 carbon materials have been created.
Recently, Timothy Strobel of Carnegie Research Institute and his research team predicted and successfully synthesized a "super diamond" carbon-based material with adjustable mechanical and electronic properties. The research results were published in the journal Science Advances.
Strobel describes its research process: "Based on chemical principles, the addition of boron to a structure enhances its stability. We studied another 3D bonded carbon material called a cage, which has captured other types of Atom or molecule. "
Complexes composed of other elements and molecules are common and have been synthesized or found in nature. However, although the existence of carbon-based cages has been predicted for a long time, it has not been successfully synthesized so far. Researchers have been trying to create this structure for more than 50 years.
Strobel and his research team used advanced structure search tools to predict the first thermodynamically stable carbon-based cages, and then synthesized cage structures that consisted of carbon-boron cages that trap strontium atoms under high pressure and high temperature conditions.
Finally, a 3D carbon-based skeleton with the same bonding method as that of diamond was synthesized and can be recycled under environmental conditions. But unlike diamonds, the strontium atoms captured in the cage make the material metallic-meaning it can conduct electricity and has superconducting potential at high temperatures. In addition, the nature of the cage may vary depending on the type of guest atom in the cage.
"The trapped atoms have a strong interaction with the cage. Depending on the specific guest atoms present, the inclusion complex can be adjusted from a semiconductor to a superconductor while maintaining a strong diamond-like bond. Given the large number of possible alternatives, , We envision a new type of carbon-based material with highly adjustable properties. "
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