Key words diamond, milling cutter, coated cutter|2020-06-03 11:52:34|Source Science Illustrated
Abstract What do you think of when it comes to knives? It is estimated that the answer that many people blurted out would be kitchen knives, fruit knives and scissors, and even Qinglong Yanyue sword of Guan Yu, a military commander during the Three Kingdoms period. The "teeth" of machine tools in the industrial system, most of the knives are not the familiar one-sided blade. machine...
What do you think of when it comes to knives? It is estimated that the answer that many people blurted out would be kitchen knives, fruit knives and scissors, and even Qinglong Yanyue sword of Guan Yu, a military commander during the Three Kingdoms period.
The "teeth" of the machine tool
In the industrial system, most of the knives are not the familiar one-sided cutting. The cutters in mechanical processing are mainly used for cutting, cutting, grinding, milling and other processes, and are widely used in the contour processing of workpieces and products of various types, materials and sizes. Therefore, they have a variety of shapes, such as drill bits, circular saw blades, and even hollow "spike sticks".
A tool is often compared to the "teeth" of a machine tool, and it is one of the components of modern digital manufacturing technology. With the acceleration of the modernization of the manufacturing industry, a variety of industries such as aerospace, marine engineering, and automotive have created a large demand for efficient tools. For example, in the aerospace field, nickel-based superalloys, titanium alloys, and high-strength structural steels have been widely used in recent years. The processing of these materials is very difficult. In addition, the aircraft uses a large number of integrated components in the manufacturing process, that is, removing the excess on the bulk blank to form parts of the thin-walled mechanism. These all put forward higher requirements for cutting tools. The new materials are not far away from us. Among the electronic products such as mobile phones that we usually use, some super-hard new materials have also been widely used in recent years, including glass covers, 3D glass, ceramic backplanes, aluminum alloy shells, and stainless steel frames. And structural parts. This also requires continuous innovation of cutting tools to meet the needs of the development of new materials and new processes.
Milling cutter puzzle
In the past ten years, high-speed rail has become my country's shiny national business card and a landmark of China in the new era. Behind the high-speed rail provides us with convenient travel, there are many unknown but very important maintenance work. Among them, the maintenance of the rails known as the "ribs and bones" of the high-speed rail is even more critical. Every rail is alive. When it is cold, it will tighten the "body", and when it is hot, it will relax the "muscles." The rolling impact of high-speed trains on the rails will continue to increase their damage. If the steel rails are not maintained and reshaped in time, it will directly affect the stability and comfort of the high-speed rail, and it will also breed hidden safety hazards. At present, the equipment for maintenance of high-speed rails is a milling and grinding car called a rail "emergency car". It can mill and shape the rail profile to eliminate various defects in time. However, for the core part of the milling and grinding car, our country now has There is still no production capacity, and it can only be imported from abroad.
The diamond "coat" of the cutter
my country's cutting tool consumption ranks first in the world, but high-efficiency tools rely on imports for a long time, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of further reducing processing costs and increasing the level of localization of major equipment development. It is urgent to realize the localization of efficient cutting tools. The team of Professor Chen Ming of Shanghai Jiaotong University took the localization of cutting tools as the goal to build a tool shape collaborative design technology system; broke through the key technology of tool material-structure-performance integration collaborative preparation and invented the micro-nano composite diamond with controllable shape New technology for the preparation of coated tools; developed a series of products such as diamond coated tools, complex line high-speed steel tools and super-hard tools. Diamond film has a series of excellent properties, and it is the coating material of choice for high-performance tools. However, the diamond thin film coating technology of the tool needs to solve two problems: the smoothness of the coating surface and the adhesion strength of the coating interface. Chen Ming's research team creatively developed the diamond micro-nano composite coating equipment and technology. First, micron-level columnar crystals were grown on the tool substrate, and then the nanocrystals were grown on the columnar crystals. The diamond coating with ultra-smooth surface solves the problem of precise control of the performance of diamond-coated tools. Chen Ming's research team also found a method suitable for the growth of an intermediate transition layer on the surface of cemented carbide substrates, which solved the problem of the adhesion strength between the diamond coating and the carbide tool matrix. It can not only prevent the graphitization of cobalt, but also effectively modulate the mechanical and mechanical properties of the composite coating to meet the efficient cutting requirements of the tool.
This diamond micro-nano composite coating technology with completely independent intellectual property rights fills the domestic gap. Based on this technology, more than a dozen diamond coating tool production lines have been established in China. The series of diamond-coated tools developed with this technology has become the only domestically-made tool designated by COMAC, and contributed to the smooth launch of the first C919 aircraft.
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Henry Wang | Quote Manager
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