Brief description of diamond tool brazing materials

Core Tip: Diamond brazing is often complicated in shape and cannot be brazed by simple molding. More fiber alloy powder is used. Common brazing materials are NiCrBSi (such as BNi2), CuSnTi, AgCuTi.
 Diamond is a polymeric form of carbon, the same isomer, the actual component is carbon, the same as graphite and carbon black, belonging to non-metal. Diamond brazing can be defined as non-metallic brazing. This type of brazing is very difficult. In order to solve this difficulty, some alternative methods have been devised, such as combining diamond and cemented carbide by high-pressure high-temperature pressing method with cemented carbide containing active components such as cobalt to form a multilayer composite cutter head and then brazing. weld. For example, the diamond powder is mixed with the metal powder and the active metal powder to form a mixed composite cutter head or the like. These methods have been widely used. Brazing of such composite materials is essentially brazing between an iron matrix and an alloy material.
 
       However, in some high-end tool industries, diamonds cannot be brazed in advance to form composites. It is also necessary to braze by forming an alloy layer between the diamond and the tool substrate, which is actually an alloy of carbon and metal. There are several problems in the process of diamond welding. First, the soldered solder needs to have good activity to form a high-strength alloy layer with carbon as a non-metal. In addition, the temperature of the soldering should not be too high, otherwise the diamond will be destroyed and graphite will be formed. Finally, the finished part has high working conditions, high temperature resistance, high vibration and high shear, and meets some special requirements, such as electrical conductivity.
  The active material capable of activating the diamond and forming a solder layer is boron, titanium, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, niobium, vanadium or the like. In order to achieve the conditions of welding strength, corrosion resistance and temperature, these active materials are alloyed with nickel, silver, copper, tin, aluminum, silicon, gold, chromium and the like to form a solder. These materials are very expensive.
       In addition, since the application fields are basically the tool industry, diamond brazing is often complicated and cannot be brazed by simple molding materials such as brazing rods/wires, brazing rings, brazing sheets, and the like. Diamond soldering is more of a solder paste made of solder alloy powder. It is very difficult to make such a solder powder, mainly because the active material in the active material is more susceptible to oxidation, failure, deterioration, and it is difficult to control the quality of the finished powder in the production process, and the powder solder is used. The quality of the powder in the brazing process is very high, which is different from the alloy powder for die casting. In the global market, only a few companies that use solder alloy powder for diamond welding can produce qualified and stable products, and the price is often very high.
       Furthermore, the diamond welding process basically requires vacuum welding. There are two main reasons, one is to prevent oxidation of the active solder and the other is to protect the diamond. This in turn increases the cost of the diamond tool.
Below we introduce some typical and commonly used materials for diamond tools.
a) NiCrBSi (such as BNi2) -- the cheapest solution
BNi2 (or a similar component) in a nickel-based solder can be used to weld diamond and contains the active material boron. Its advantage is that the price is low, the price is about 300 yuan per kilogram, and its welding strength and tolerance are also very good. However, his disadvantages are also very prominent, the welding temperature is high, and the welding process is relatively serious for the burning of diamond.
b) CuSnTi---variable materials that meet the requirements
       The copper-tin-titanium alloy brazing material can basically satisfy the diamond brazing in most cases. The combination of copper and tin is mainly for adjusting the temperature, and the content of titanium as an active element is generally higher than 10%. The advantage of this material is that it can reduce the soldering temperature to 900 degrees Celsius or less. The disadvantage is that the price is expensive. The general price is more than 10,000 yuan per kilogram, and some can reach 30,000 to 40,000 yuan per kilogram. The quality conditions are strict and the shelf life is short. In addition, due to the reduced temperature, the working condition tolerance of the welded finished workpiece is sacrificed. Finally, the corrosion resistance of this material is also insufficient.
c) AgCuTi---the helpless choice of higher requirements environment
        In order to compensate for the defects of CuSnTi under certain conditions, such as strength, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, electrical conductivity, etc., AgCuTi, a more expensive material, has been developed in the industry. Since the alloying process between silver and titanium is difficult to control, there is currently no domestic manufacturer that can provide a stable quality product. Imported products are expensive, about 10,000 yuan per kilogram. Due to the addition of silver, the performance and price have been significantly reduced, and the soldering temperature is as low as 850 degrees.
Diamond tools, tool brazing solutions, equipment, process solutions, imported silver copper titanium, copper tin titanium solder paste.
d) Others - high price
      There are many companies in the field of diamond welding, their use is small, high requirements, regardless of cost. This kind of user selection material is more to achieve special performance.
The price of gold-nickel-molybdenum alloy used in nuclear reactors is as high as 100,000 RMB per kilogram, and the price per kilogram such as gold-palladium, palladium, gold, cobalt and titanium is more than six digits.

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-Henry Wang | Quote Manager
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-Email: ceo@zdiamondtools.com
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